In 1958, during the International Theater Festival in Dublin, a play of his compatriot O'Casey was banned, and Beckett, in protest, withdrew his plays, which have not been seen in Ireland since then. Even after he became famous, he refused to allow some of his plays to be presented in Ireland. In addition, the political situation created an oppressive anti-intellectualism. He could not tolerate the strict censorship of so many aspects of life, especially the arbitrary censoring of many works of literature by the Catholic clergy. When asked why he found Ireland uncongenial, he offered the same explanation that has been given by other famous Irish expatriates, such as Sean O'Casey and James Joyce. Part of the reason for this was his basic rejection of Ireland as his homeland. In the late 1940s, he changed from writing in English to writing in French. During the 1930s and 1940s, his writing consisted of critical studies (Proust and others), poems, and two novels ( Murphy and Watt), all written in English. He has made Paris his home since that time, except for visits abroad and a retreat to the Unoccupied Zone in Vichy, France, during 1942–44.īeckett found teaching uncongenial to his creative activities and soon turned all of his attention to writing. In 1931, he returned to Ireland as a lecturer in French literature, and he received his masters degree in French from Dublin and subsequently returned to Paris as a teacher in 1932.
His first job was as a teacher of English in the Ecole Normale Superiéure in Paris. He was provided with an excellent education, graduating from Trinity College, Dublin, with a major emphasis in French and Italian.
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